A lawyer sending or receiving substantive communications with a client via e-mail or other electronic means ordinarily must warn the client about the risk of sending or receiving electronic communications using a computer or other device, or e-mail account, where there is a significant risk that a third party may gain access. Clients may not be afforded a “reasonable expectation of privacy” when they use an employer’s computer to send e-mails to their lawyers or receive e-mails from their lawyers. Judicial decisions illustrate the risk that the employer will read these e-mail communications and seek to use them to the employee’s disadvantage. Hence, in the context of representing an employee, this obligation arises, at the very least, when the lawyer knows or reasonably should know that the client is likely to send or receive substantive client-lawyer communications via e-mail or other electronic means, using a business device or system under circumstances where there is a significant risk that the communications will be read by the employer or another third party. ABA Formal Opinion 11-459 (Aug. 4, 2011).